Naloxone
Narcan
Class:
Narcotic antagonist.
Narcotic antagonist.
Mechanism of Action:
- Competitive inhibition at narcotic receptor sites.
- Reverse respiratory depression secondary to depressant drugs.
- Completely inhibits the effect of morphine.
Indications:
- Respiratory Depression Secondary to Opiate overdose
- Complete or partial reversal of CNS and respiratory depression induced by opioids.
- Narcotic agonists:
- Morphine, heroin, hydromorphone (Dilaudid), methadone.
- Meperidine (Demerol), Paregoric, Fentanyl (Sublimase).
- Oxycodone (Percodan), codeine, propoxyphene (Darvon).
- Narcotic agonist and antagonist:
- Putorphanol (Staldol).
- Pentazocine (Talwin).
- Nalbuphine (Nubain).
- Narcotic agonists:
Contraindications:
Use with caution in:
Use with caution in:
- naracotic depressant patients.
- neonates of narcotic-addicted mothers.
Adverse reactions:
- Withdrawal symptoms in the addicted patient.
- Tachycardia, hypertension, dysrhythmias, nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis.
Adult Dosage and Administration
0.4 - 2.0 mg IV, IM, SC, Nasal via atomizer;
min. recommended = 2.0 mg repeat at 5 minute intervals to 10 mg maximum dose.
Infusion: 2 mg in 500 ml of D5W (4mcg/ml), infuse at 0.4 mg / hr. (100 ml / hr).
0.4 - 2.0 mg IV, IM, SC, Nasal via atomizer;
min. recommended = 2.0 mg repeat at 5 minute intervals to 10 mg maximum dose.
Infusion: 2 mg in 500 ml of D5W (4mcg/ml), infuse at 0.4 mg / hr. (100 ml / hr).
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Pediatric Dosage and Administration:0.1 mg/kg / dose IV, IM, SC, ET (diluted); maximum of 0.8 mg;
if no response in 10 minutes, administer an additional 0.1 mg/kg / dose.
Duration of Action
- Onset: within 2 minutes.
- Peak effect: variable.
- Duration: 30-60 minutes.
Special Considerations:
- Pregnancy safety: Category B.
- Seizures without causal relationship have been reported.
- May not reverse hypotension.
- Use caution when administering to narcotic addicts (violent behavior, etc.)