Dextrose
D50, D25, D10
Class:
Carbohydrate, Hypertonic solution.
Carbohydrate, Hypertonic solution.
Mechanism of Action:
Rapidly increases serum glucose levels.
Rapidly increases serum glucose levels.
Indications:
Altered level of consciousness secondary to hypoglycemia.
Altered level of consciousness secondary to hypoglycemia.
Contraindications:
- Intracranial hemorrhage.
- Delirium tremens.
Adverse reactions:
- Extravagation leads to tissue necrosis.
- Warmth, pain, burning, thrombophlebitis, rhabdomyositis.
Drug Interactions
Sodium bicarbonate, coumadin.
Sodium bicarbonate, coumadin.
Adult Dosage and Administration
12.5-25 gram slow IV; may be repeated as necessary.
12.5-25 gram slow IV; may be repeated as necessary.
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Pediatric Dosage and Administration:0.5-1 gram/kg/dose slow IV; may be repeated as necessary.
Do not use D50 in infants, D10 is preferred.
Duration of Action
- Onset: less than 1 minute.
- Peak effects: variable.
- Duration: variable.
Special Considerations:
- Draw blood sugar before administering.
- Do not administer to patients with known CVA unless hypoglycemia documented.
Making D10 from D50 - The No Waste Method
Final D10 Concentration = 1g / 10mL
Final D10 Concentration = 1g / 10mL
- Remove and discard 50 ml of saline from a 250 ml IV bag of NS.
- Add 50 ml (25g) of D50 to the IV bag - invert the bag several times to mix and then label the bag.
- For pediatric dosing: remove desired volume to be administered from the IV bag with the appropriate size syringe.